Question:

What are Ganglion Cysts?

Answer: 

Ganglion cysts are benign, fluid-filled lumps that commonly develop along the tendons or joints of the wrists or hands. They are typically round or oval and are filled with a jelly-like substance.

While the exact etiology remains unclear, they are thought to arise from the joint capsule or tendon sheath due to mucin leakage or degeneration.

Question:

How are Ganglion Cysts Diagnosed?

Answer: 

The diagnosis of ganglion cysts is primarily clinical, based on the location, consistency, and appearance of the swelling.

They are often palpable as firm, mobile lumps on the wrist or hand. Imaging modalities like ultrasound or MRI can be employed for diagnostic confirmation, especially in atypical presentations or when ruling out other pathologies.

Question:

What are the Treatment Options for Ganglion Cysts?

Answer: 

Treatment options vary depending on the symptoms and patient preferences. Observation is a viable option since many cysts are asymptomatic and can resolve spontaneously.

For symptomatic cysts, interventions include aspiration or surgical removal. Aspiration involves draining the fluid but has a higher recurrence rate.

Surgical excision, while more invasive, offers a lower recurrence rate and is preferred in cases of recurrent cysts or when the cyst impinges on nerve function.

Question:

What are the Risks and Complications Associated with Treatment?

Answer: 

With aspiration, the risks include infection, nerve damage, and recurrence of the cyst.

Surgical removal, while effective, carries risks typical of surgery such as infection, scarring, and, rarely, nerve or vascular damage.

Question:

What is the Prognosis for Patients with Ganglion Cysts?

Answer: 

The prognosis is generally excellent. Most cysts are benign and do not lead to long-term complications.

Recurrence can occur, particularly with aspiration, but is less common following surgical removal.