What exactly is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)?

CTS is a common condition that causes pain, numbness, and tingling in the radial digits. It occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the palm, becomes compressed or squeezed as it travels through the wrist's "carpal tunnel".

What are the typical causes?

-Repetitive finger use, especially when the wrist is bent. The same hand motions done over and over can lead to CTS.

-Certain health conditions, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and thyroid gland imbalance.

-Injury to the wrist such as a sprain or fracture can cause swelling in the carpal tunnel.

What are the characteristic symptoms?

-Carpal Tunnel Syndrome typically starts gradually with a mild aching in your wrist that can extend to your hand or forearm.

-Other common symptoms include hand numbness or tingling, weakness in the hand and trouble holding things.

What diagnostic methods are employed?

-Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve conduction studies (NCS) are commonly used to diagnose CTS. 

-Additional imaging modalities like ultrasound and MRI can be of help for more complex cases or when surgery is considered. 

-Physical examination and symptom history are also important.

What does the primary line of treatment entail?

-In most cases, a conservative approach is taken initially with treatments such as wrist splinting, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or local corticosteroid injections.

-Changing or avoiding activities that may be causing symptoms could also offer relief.

-If non-surgical treatments fail to relieve the symptoms, surgery may be considered. The surgery aims to relieve pressure on the median nerve by cutting the ligament pressing on the nerve.